Predictores psicosociales de la exposición y difusión de noticias falsas en Costa Rica
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https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.49.27437Palabras clave:
noticias falsas, exposición, reconocimiento, difusión, motivaciones, actitudes, Costa RicaResumen
Este estudio investiga los predictores psicosociales y sociodemográficos de la exposición a noticias falsas entre adultos costarricenses, así como su autopercepción de la capacidad de reconocerlas y de difundirlas. Se condujo una encuesta representativa por muestreo estratificado aleatorio aplicada a 805 usuarios de teléfonos celulares en 2019, con un 67% de mujeres y una edad promedio de 38,83 (DT=15,75). En el ámbito actitudinal, los resultados muestran una asociación positiva entre el autoritarismo de derecha y la difusión intencional de noticias falsas en redes sociales. En el ámbito motivacional, se encontraron asociaciones positivas entre una motivación defensiva y la exposición a noticias falsas en medios de comunicación y vía WhatsApp, así como asociaciones entre motivaciones defensivas y de precisión con la autopercepción de la capacidad de reconocer noticias falsas. Las mujeres, las personas con mayor nivel educativo y las más jóvenes se exponen más a noticias falsas, mientras que los hombres y las personas con mayor educación dicen ser más capaces de identificar noticias falsas.
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